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Conducting Material >Electrical conducting material are the basic requirement for electrical eeering products.
What you'll learn
Eeers
Higher secondary level
IES Asprirants
Electrical eeers
Requirements
Intermediate level
Description
Electrical conducting material are the basic requirement for electrical eeering products. The electrical conducting material can be classified as below-
Based on Resistivity or Conductivity
Low resistivity or high conductivity conducting material
High resistivity or Low conductivity conducting material
Low Resistivity or High Conductivity Conducting Material
Material having low resistivity or high conductivity are very useful in electrical eeering products. These material used as conductors for all kind of windings required in electrical machines, apparatus and devices. These material are also used as conductor in transmission and distribution of electrical energy.
Some of low resistivity or high conductivity materials and their resistivity are given in table below -
Silver
Copper
Gold
Aluminum
High Resistivity or Low Conductivity Conducting Material
Materials having High resistivity or Low conductivity conducting are very useful for electrical eeering products. These material are used to manufacture the filaments for incandescent lamp, heating elements for electric heaters, space heaters and electric irons etc.
Some of materials having High resistivity or Low conductivity are listed below
Tungsten
Carbon
Nichrome or Brightray - B
Nichrome - Vor Brightray - C
Manganin
Based on Area of Application
Materials used as conductor for coils of electrical machines
Materials for heating elements
Materials for lamp filaments
Material used for transmission line
Bimetals
Electrical Contact Materials
Electrical Carbon Materials
Material for Brushes used in Electrical Machines
Materials used for fuses
Materials Used as Conductor for Coils of Electrical Machines
Materials having low resistivity or high conductivity such as copper, silver and aluminum can be used for making coils for electrical machines. However, looking to optimum conductivity, mechanical strength and cost, copper is much suitable for making coils for electrical machines.
Materials for Heating Elements
Materials having high resistivity or low conductivity such as Nichrome, Kanthal, Cupronickel and Platinum etc. are used for making heating elements. Materials used for heating elements must possess following properties-
High melting point
Free from oxidation in operating atmosphere
High tensile strength
Sufficient ductility to draw the metal or alloy in the form of wire
Materials for Lamp Filaments
Materials having high resistivity or low conductivity such as Carbon, Tantalum and Tungsten etc. are used for making incandescent lamp filament. Materials used for making incandescent lamp filament must possess following properties-
High melting point
Low vapour pressure
Free from oxidation in inert gas (argon, nitrogen etc.) medium at operating temperature
High resistivity
Low thermal coefficient of expansion
Low temperature coefficient of resistance
Should have high young modulus and tensile strength
Sufficient ductility so that can be drawn in the form of very thin wire
Ability to be converted in the shape of filament
High fatigue resistance against thermally induced fluctuating stresses
Cost should minimum
Material Used for Transmission Line
Materials used for making conductor for transmission line must possess following properties -
High conductivity
High tensile strength
Light weight
High resistance to corrosion
High thermal stability
Low coefficient of thermal expansion
Low cost
Who this course is for
Eeers, Higher secondary students
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